Ngosipụta enweghị ntụkwasị obi nke emulsions (flocculation, coalescence, stratification na demulsification)

E nwere ọtụtụ ngosipụta nkeenweghị ike ime ka emulsion ghara ịdị irè: flocculation, coalescence, stratification (ma ọ bụ sedimentation), demulsification, phase inversion na Ostwald chara acha.

1. Ntụpọ

Mbelata mmiri ndị a gbasasịrị n'ime mkpokọta emulsion na-etolite ìgwè nke ntapụ mmiri atọ, nke a na-akọwa dị ka flocs, a na-akpọkwa usoro a flocculation. N'ọnọdụ nkịtị, ọ dịghị mgbanwe dị ukwuu na nha na nkesa nke ntapụ mmiri n'ime flocs, njikọ ntapụ mmiri anaghịkwa eme, ebe ntapụ mmiri ndị ahụ na-ejigide ihe onwunwe mbụ ha. Ike ndị na-adọrọ adọrọ n'etiti ntapụ mmiri na-akpali flocculation. Ike ndị dị otú ahụ na-adịkarịghị ike, na-eme ka usoro ntapụ mmiri ahụ gbanwee (a maara dị ka ntapụ mmiri na-adịghị ike), na mkpasu iwe nwere ike ikewapụ flocs.

2.Njikọta

Ọ bụrụ na ntapụ mmiri nke flocculates agbakọta, ihe nkiri mmiri nke obere ntapụ mmiri dị n'ime ya na-agbawa ma na-emepụta nnukwu mkpụrụ mmiri mmiri. A na-akọwa usoro a dị ka coalescence. Coalescence bụ usoro a na-apụghị ịgbanwe agbanwe, nke na-eduga na mbelata ọnụọgụ ntapụ mmiri na mmebi zuru oke nke emulsions, ya bụ nkewa mmanụ na mmiri. Flocculation na-eje ozi dị ka mmalite nke coalescence, ebe coalescence bụ kpọmkwem ihe kpatara mmebi emulsion.

3.Nhazi

N'ihi ọdịiche dị n'etiti usoro mmanụ na usoro mmiri, ntụpọ mmiri ga-ese n'elu mmiri ma ọ bụ mikpuo n'okpuru ọrụ ike ndọda, na-eme ka usoro ntinye mmiri dị mma na emulsion. A maara usoro a dị ka ude ma ọ bụ sedimentation. Ọ bụ ezie na ude na-emebi otu emulsion ahụ, emulsion n'onwe ya adịghị emebi n'ezie.

4.Mwepụ ihe

Emulsion bụ usoro thermodynamics nke na-anaghị akwụsi ike nke na ọnọdụ nhazi kachasị bụ nkewa na nhazi mmanụ na mmiri (dịka oyi akwa mmiri na oyi akwa mmanụ), na mwepụ bụ ihe a na-apụghị izere ezere. N'ebe ụfọdụ ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, kama ọ dị mkpa iwepụ mmanụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, iwepụ mmanụ nkịtị (W/O) iji nweta nkewa mmanụ na mmiri.

5. Ụdịdị

Emulsion nwere ike ịgbanwe site na ụdị W/O gaa na ụdị O/W, ma ọ bụ nke ọzọ, n'ihi mgbanwe na ọnọdụ emulsification, a makwaara usoro a dị ka ntụgharị usoro.

6. Ostwald na-eto

Emulsions nwere ntapụ mmiri dị iche iche (polydisperse emulsions) nwere ike ịnọgide na-eguzosi ike ma na-eguzogide ntapụ mmiri ma ọ bụ njikọta. Agbanyeghị, ka oge na-aga, nkesa nha ntapụ mmiri na-agbanwe gaa na ntapụ mmiri buru ibu, usoro nkesa nha ntapụ mmiri na-aghọwanye ihe a na-ahụkarị, nha ntapụ mmiri na-abụkarị otu. Ihe a, nke yiri usoro nke ịcha kristal, ka a na-akpọ Ostwald ripening.